Agriculture in Kuwait

Agriculture in Kuwait

an introduction

In order to write a report on agriculture in the State of Kuwait suffered hardship to find data for agriculture, if I search for military information until I thought about writing about the cancellation of Kuwait, but I slipped at the last moment because of Kuwait on preferred I

Agriculture is the main core that is still human develops science and knowledge and sponsored through hard work and striving to discover new horizons, develop and improve all aspects and fields in an effort to

 more production and more benefits, was the food processing, agro-processing and continuous development and modernization in the field of production tools and accessories Agriculture and the use of fertilizers, pesticides and hormones and modifying genes and genetic engineering to increase production and improve it, all broad areas of agricultural investment.

The past century a great development in all walks of life and the latest science real revolution in all areas and is reflected in the agricultural field and instead of a bit of the concept of agriculture, it is no longer just the only economic activity but also a source of income and the style of humane life and a means to control and control of the global markets, and even the nations and peoples. Arable soil and provide water for irrigation of the fundamental requirements for agricultural 

development are considered limited agricultural activities in Kuwait, agriculture is one of the basic demands of the human person, whatever the nature of the land, which have settled or climate in which they live conditions, and for the State of Kuwait Despite the harsh weather conditions and the scarcity of water resources and poor soil texture and lack of nutrients and organic matter, but that some areas exploited for agricultural purposes.

Laws and research on agriculture in Kuwait

There is a special law to encourage citizens to exercise agricultural activities (Law No. 94/1983) and agriculture was well-known activities since ancient times, where the population cultivation of several agricultural crops such as wheat, alfalfa, barley and some types of greens, albeit according to preliminary and primitive methods suit the conditions of life which was prevailing at the time, and by 1953 was engaged in agriculture in some small farms in the coastal areas in each of the SAA, Fahaheel and Abu Halifa and the island of Failaka, depending on the groundwater, these were water salinity increases with pumping, making it unsuitable for irrigation.

In 1995, the General Authority for Agricultural Affairs and Fish Resources in cooperation with the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research and the implementation of a major project to survey and classification of the territory of the State of Kuwait on the basis of the modern American system, and it was the most important results of the project is to get a geographic information system 

(GIS) and a database of land resources in Kuwait and showed exploratory results 

of the survey of the territory of the State of Kuwait to land that can be used in irrigated agriculture amounting to 785,000 hectares, and pointed out the detailed survey results show that most of these areas are irrigated agriculture is estimated at 107,000 hectares and estimated water needs to irrigate this space about one million cubic meters of water annually and it is beyond the capacity of water resources and take advantage of the quantities available.

In 1997, arable land area for agriculture amounted to 1,548,490 dunums The land is arable amounted to 16,279,510 acres, for an area of ​​arable land was distributed as follows: -

(1) Land valid and did not planted 121,829 acres.

(2) Land planted trees and pastures of 1,262,210 acres.

(3) land planted with vegetables and crops 54,451 acres (of which about 10 - 15% and the rest is protected crops cultivation field).

Agricultural areas in Kuwait

Sponsoring areas covering both the abundance and Abdali and crusade about 24,000 hectares of which about 5,000 hectares planted, produces these areas, radishes, cucumbers, tomatoes and onions in the winter and produce in the summer of watermelon and cantaloupe separation in addition to the permanent products such as alfalfa (alfalfa).

(1) agricultural abundance area:

An area of ​​land Amistirah abundance area of ​​about 12,520 dunams represent about 26.5% of the total land planted with vegetables and crop area in the country, and the number of abundance farms before the invasion, 634 dunams average area per farm of about 98 dunams, and there are in the region of Wafra 370 farm (agriculture protected cultivation field) with an area of ​​119 square kilometers and consists of loose sands homogeneous mineral composition and classification of volumetric hand. Featuring soil abundance area as having a deep sector, sandy disjointed good ventilation and sanitation, and salt and poor in organic matter colloidal necessary nutrients, and are characterized by a solid layer known as Gach in some areas, an impermeable layer waterproof, and works as a barrier to the spread of the roots under the soil.

(2) Abdali agricultural area:

Of cultivated land area in the Abdali area of ​​about 26,337 dunams it represents 55.7 percent of the total land planted with vegetables and crop area in the state, and the number of farms Abdali area before the invasion, 323 Farm area of ​​129,755 dunums total average area per farm of about 401 acres, and is located in Abdali area 156 farm total area of ​​315 square kilometers and soil Abdali gypsum sand good drainage, Celtic, and their ability to keep a few water ,, the layers Jach larger than the region of Wafra degree and features the soil its proximity to the ratio of calcium and gypsum carbonate as the percentage of clay and silt containing making it more fertile soil of abundance.

(3) the agricultural area of ​​the Crusader:

Soil crusade of the finest soil in Kuwait from the agricultural point of view, a sandy good drainage and ventilation, free of salts with no deaf layers is sandy soil with layers of Gach at depths of less than 100 cm in some locations. And concentrated in the crusade area breeding cattle farms (for the production of fresh milk), where the distributed state licensed coupons on breeder cows rent 

symbolic, and who formed among themselves the Union of Dairy Producers of

 fresh (34 farms licensed), representing 80 percent of the fresh milk producers, they supply their output from milk to the Kuwaiti Company for the Albanians in the Crusades, and twenty-one farm just returned to work after liberation even92/93 season, and the Kuwaiti company Danish Dairy acquired a license to receive fresh milk from some Almzaraein.kma exist in the region, also the company's agricultural production, a company set up by the government in the beginning to specialize in the production of green fodder (animal production) using treated sewage water However, the company produces some other agricultural crops, and there is also in the same area headquarters to house the imported sheep follow livestock transport & Trading Company. (4) Alhqaya area: soil vary in Alhqaya area for the regions of abundance and Abdali, where is the soil in Alhqaya unfit for cultivation for the existence Gach area in most of the area, a phenomenon often on the soil surface, and Jach negative effects on the properties of the physical and chemical soil and reflected on the state of the growth of plants and concentrated by Aldoajn.ospab degradation and depletion of the agriculture sector and Aloradihnak are many reasons that lead to the degradation and depletion of agricultural land sector resources in Kuwait farms, a first: natural causes: (1) drought, which is a distinctive feature of the dry areas of the State of Kuwait occupies part of it where the rain rare and wobbling in 

quantity and when the fall after several years of drought have thickly center for a few hours and are often followed by rainfall floods cause damage severe soil and vegetation, resulting in drought many of the adverse environmental impacts such as increased soil erosion rates and the loss of the content of organic matter and increase the accumulation of sand on vital installations such as farms and main roads as well as decaying vegetation chives and complete disappearance of plants annuals due to lack of soil and the effects of moisture rates negative strong winds. (2) high temperatures in the summer, which leads to the sandy soil heating which will provide the best conditions for weathering wind and that lead to the loss of organic matter, clay and silt and the depletion of soil fertility, as vegetation disappearance leads because of the drought and high temperatures to the emergence of hard crust top of the sandy soil and operate this crust as an insulator to prevent rainwater seepage into the soil and affect the potential, as high temperatures are working to increase evaporation from agricultural soils rates. (3) high evaporation rates lead to the concentration of salts in soil this for the soil Agricultural As for the desert soil, the high evaporation rates lead to soil and vegetation by degradation. (4) high-speed winds during the summer affecting the increase in evaporation and transpiration from the crop therefore increasing water consumption ratio, and lead to the fall of flowers and fruits in addition to the advance of accumulation sand on the northern edges of the farms abundance areas and the Crusades and Abdali along drift sandy soil, located to the north of the farm and the damage and destruction of trees. (5) the geographical location of the State of Kuwait, since the occurrence of the State of Kuwait in the south-east of the easy spate of Mesopotamia making the Kuwait theater of operations wind of weathering and transfer and aggradation. (6) low soil does not allow a bloom the plants because of weak strength and lack of organic matter and nutrients and the shallowness of the soil due to the presence of solid Gach layers of potential, and the sandy soil of nature to help ease erosion Ryahya during the summer and a water during rainstorms and helps increasing drift weakness vegetation rates. (7) weakness and limited vegetation and the different growth rates per year because of the great variation in rainfall. (8) limited water resources and increasing salinity of groundwater, where Kuwait within the arid regions where natural fresh water is not available in large quantities so that it can be exploited in Alzeraih.thania activities: human reasons: (1) poor management of agricultural areas, and it is as follows: - excessive irrigation water with deficiencies in Abv.- not to rationalize the use of pesticides and Alosmdh.- lack of availability of skilled labor. -

 deficiencies in environmental awareness programs Alarashad.- shrinking the role of scientific research and the absence of technology Alhadith.- lack of seriousness in the preparation of plans and programs effectively to limit sand encroachment problems. (2) poor land management and human erroneous practices outside of agricultural areas and is represented as follows: - resources Alraoah.- Alrabie.thaltha camps: Gulf war: a result of the Gulf war (1990-1991), many of the negative effects on the agricultural sector land impacts, and most important of these effects include: (1) eliminate the expanses of green belts surrounding areas of abundance and Abdali and Crusader agricultural products. (2) oil pollution of the soil and vegetation due to burning oil wells. (3) degradation of the natural characteristics of the soil and the elimination of vegetation due to the establishment of defensive fortifications of earth mounds and digging trenches, and while clearing the country of mines and ammunition. (4) infrastructure for Gaza destruction Alzraah.mracbh agricultural holdings in Baadhalzraah Kuwaiti agricultural areas is proud of what he has reached the prestige of leading occupied between global agricultural sectors in general and Arabic in particular that really is proud of what he has reached progress and prosperity, including successes in economic and social fields and the accompanying facilities, services and achievements allowed it to occupy an important place on the official and popular levels. The Public Authority for Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources using sophisticated equipment in the work area linked to satellite scientific Navigation (GNSS) positioning and calculation of agricultural holdings space and control in remote agricultural areas (Abdali - exuberance - the Crusades - the liver), the system consists of a system consisting of three the first sections of a computer that is running on the operating system Windows- TMXP be installed at the main office of the public Authority for Agriculture Affairs and fish Resources Rabieh area and through which AstqubThe data analysis from the agricultural areas, and the second consists of three reference used to receive and correct the field data and sent to the main office, while the third section stations consists of devices mobile receivers and positioning where they can calculate the area of the field and view points, lines and ribs are Piani.obasthaddam this system can get the job done more quickly and with extreme precision where the error rate of up to less than one centimeter, and within which the follow-up and monitoring work through automated computer center located at the main Authority.